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IP Security (IPsec) is a protocol designed to ensure secure communication between systems. This applies to communication between systems within the same network, as well as communication with systems on external networks. IPsec functions as a security protocol at the IP layer and can both encrypt and authenticate network transmissions. IPsec consists of two separate protocols: 

1. Authentication Header (AH): This protocol handles authentication and integrity checking for data packets. 

2. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP): This protocol provides encryption services. 

In addition to IPsec, there is another protocol called Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE).

 GRE allows for the creation of a private path to transport packets through a public network by encapsulating or tunneling the packets. GRE tunneling is achieved through tunnel endpoints that encapsulate or de-encapsulate traffic.